South Africa Declares National Disaster Over Gender-Based Violence Crisis
South Africa has declared gender-based violence (GBV) and femicide a national disaster. The announcement came in November 2025 after years of rising attacks, particularly against women, children, and LGBT individuals. A public petition with over a million signatures pushed authorities to take urgent action.
The decision follows a sharp increase in violent crimes. Between April 2023 and March 2024, femicide rose by 33.8%, with 5,578 women killed. Rape cases also surged, reaching 19,562 reports in 2021/2022—over 134 per 100,000 people, the highest rate globally.
Earlier efforts to combat GBV proved insufficient. Before the 2019 national crisis declaration, laws like the 2018 Domestic Violence Amendment Bill and the 2016-2021 National Strategic Plan on GBVF were introduced. Specialised Sexual Offences Courts were also set up. Yet, civil society groups, including the Centre for Applied Legal Studies, criticised these measures for weak enforcement, low conviction rates (under 10% for sexual offences), and a lack of resources. The national disaster declaration now unlocks emergency funds and speeds up support for victims. It also forces government departments to work together and strengthens accountability. Legal reforms will prioritise GBV cases, ensuring stricter compliance with the Domestic Violence Act 1998. A nationwide 'purple movement' gained momentum, symbolising solidarity against GBV. The constitutional basis for the declaration rests on the state's duty to protect citizens from such violations.
The disaster declaration aims to address both the immediate crisis and deeper economic inequalities tied to GBV. Emergency resources will fund victim services, while public awareness campaigns seek to hold authorities accountable. Legal and social systems must now act swiftly to reduce violence and support survivors.
