PFAS 'forever chemicals' threaten US water as EPA rules face political rollback
For decades, toxic PFAS chemicals have polluted drinking water across the US, despite manufacturers knowing the risks. These so-called 'forever chemicals'—used in products like Teflon—were developed for military use before spreading into households. Now, recent progress in regulating them faces new threats under political pressure.
The EPA finally set strict limits on six PFAS compounds in 2024, following years of advocacy. But reports suggest the agency may weaken these standards, putting public health at risk once again.
The story of PFAS contamination stretches back to the 1960s, when Teflon was first developed for the US atomic bomb programme. By the late 1970s, chemical giant 3M had evidence that PFOA—a key ingredient in Teflon—caused kidney and liver damage. Instead of halting production, the company continued using it for decades.
When PFOA was eventually phased out, manufacturers replaced it with other PFAS compounds, such as GenX. These alternatives soon proved just as toxic, spreading through water supplies worldwide. Communities like Hoosick Falls, New York, became hotspots for contamination, with residents unknowingly drinking poisoned water for years.
In 2010, Ersel Hickey, a school bus driver in Hoosick Falls, was diagnosed with kidney cancer the same day his grandson was born. His family later discovered their water was laced with PFOA. His son, Michael, became a leading voice in the fight against PFAS, pushing for accountability. Yet many in the town faced resistance, even from neighbours reluctant to challenge powerful corporations.
After years of campaigning, the EPA introduced binding PFAS limits in April 2024. The agency allocated over $1 billion in federal funds to clean up contaminated sites, including Hoosick Falls. Testing and monitoring programmes were launched in partnership with state governments. But now, under political shifts, these hard-won protections may be rolled back, with reports indicating weaker enforcement and relaxed standards.
The EPA's 2024 regulations marked a turning point, forcing action in towns like Hoosick Falls and securing funds for cleanup. Yet the threat of weakened standards means contaminated water could remain a risk for millions. Without strong enforcement, the cycle of corporate secrecy and public harm may continue.
