Ongoing negotiations for the boundary delineation between Armenia and Azerbaijan persist
The process of border delimitation between Azerbaijan and Armenia is underway but not yet fully completed, following the historic peace agreement initialed in August 2025. Both parties have committed to a mutually agreed security and confidence-building regime pending the final delimitation and demarcation of their mutual border.
Key points regarding the border delimitation status and related developments include:
- The peace agreement signed in 2025 includes provisions for border delimitation alongside security cooperation and normalization of inter-state relations.
- Significant progress has been made, with political agreements addressing connectivity and transport corridors between Armenia and Azerbaijan based on respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity.
- A major breakthrough is the agreement on opening transport communications, notably the planned transit route through southern Armenia connecting Azerbaijan to its exclave Nakhchivan. The US has exclusive rights to develop and operate this route, according to the peace agreement.
- Despite progress, the actual physical delimitation and demarcation of the border is still pending completion. The parties aim to finalize this while maintaining security and confidence-building measures in the interim.
- The peace agreement builds on the 2020 ceasefire that ended active hostilities and involved Russian peacekeepers. However, with Armenia shifting its geopolitical stance away from Russia and more engagement from the US, the border questions are moving into a new phase.
In summary, the border delimitation is currently in progress following the 2025 peace agreement, with political frameworks and security arrangements agreed, but with the final detailed border marking and formal demarcation yet to be completed and implemented. The transportation corridor established by the peace agreement will connect the two Transcaucasian republics. The Armenian Prime Minister, Nikol Pashinyan, described the peace agreement between Baku and Yerevan as a historic event. He also noted that the process of border delimitation will continue. No specific details were provided about the terms of the peace agreement beyond it being historic and established within the framework of sovereignty and territorial integrity. No details were provided about the specific territories in question.
- The peace agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia, signed in 2025, not only includes provisions for border delimitation but also focuses on security cooperation and the normalization of inter-state relations.
- The agreement on opening transport communications, a significant breakthrough, sees the US having exclusive rights to develop and operate a transit route connecting Azerbaijan to its exclave Nakhchivan, according to the peace agreement.
