New lithium compounds could revolutionize neutron generation in accelerators
Scientists at Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) have studied new materials for neutron generation in pulsed accelerators. Their research focused on lithium compounds—lithium fluoride and lithium oxide—as alternatives to pure lithium. These compounds offer better thermal stability, which could improve the performance of neutron sources. The team examined how different lithium-based targets affect neutron production. Pure lithium has traditionally been used, but its low melting and vaporisation points limit its stability under intense proton beams. In contrast, lithium fluoride and lithium oxide remain stable at room temperature and pressure, even with higher melting and boiling points.
The thickness of the lithium layer proved crucial for efficiency. For pure lithium targets, the best results came with layers between 90 and 110 micrometers thick. Lithium fluoride worked best at 18–24 micrometers, while lithium oxide performed optimally at 24–32 micrometers.
Despite producing fewer neutrons than pure lithium, the compounds allowed for more powerful proton beams without degrading. Importantly, the energy of the neutrons generated remained similar to those from pure lithium targets. These findings could lead to more cost-effective and compact neutron sources. The improved stability of lithium fluoride and lithium oxide makes them suitable for applications in nuclear energy, medicine, and scientific research. Their use may also extend the lifespan of neutron-generating targets in high-demand settings.
