Majority of Germans express dissatisfaction with Merz, suggesting his popularity could further decrease
In the political landscape of Germany, the tenure of Chancellor Friedrich Merz has been marked by a series of ambitious reforms, with a focus on fiscal policy, climate and infrastructure investment, social security systems, and international partnerships.
During his time in office, which began in May 2025, Merz secured parliamentary approval for a constitutional change that allows Germany to take on €500 billion additional debt over 12 years for infrastructure and climate investments. This reform, while controversial, has laid the groundwork for a special infrastructure and climate fund, pending further parliamentary budget approvals for 2025 and 2026 allocations.
Merz has also promised to tackle Germany's social welfare and pension systems, aiming to address rising contributions and decreasing net incomes. However, progress has been slow, with more emphasis on commissions to study reforms rather than decisive action. A call for more political courage and societal debate has been made to push these reforms forward.
In terms of foreign policy, Merz emphasized Germany's role as a strong global partner, boosting European Union relations, supporting Ukraine against Russian aggression, and engaging in peace and humanitarian efforts in the Gaza conflict.
Economic reforms are expected by the end of 2025, with Finance Minister Lars Klingbeil indicating plans to push through further unspecified reforms.
However, Merz's performance has not been without criticism. More than two-thirds of Germans are dissatisfied with his performance, according to the RTL/ntv-Trendbarometer. Health insurance contributions have risen under Merz, and the electricity tax was not reduced. Some voters have expressed their dissatisfaction by supporting the Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, hoping to "wake up" Merz and his coalition.
The budget plans also show a 172 billion euro shortfall by 2029, despite a trillion euros in debt. The appointment of constitutional judges was also met with controversy.
In the international arena, the USA has criticized the human rights situation in Germany, specifically mentioning a "restriction of freedom of speech." US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has officially noted "serious human rights problems" in Germany.
Despite these challenges, Merz has served as Foreign Minister and Interior Minister in Germany, and he acted alone in halting weapons exports to Israel. The SPD and CSU pension packages have already been approved by the cabinet, and a commission to reform pensions will start next year.
As Merz continues to navigate these challenges, the future of his reforms and the direction of his government remain uncertain. The next few months will be crucial in determining the success or failure of his ambitious plans.
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