Lisbon Treaty Expands EU Legislative Powers in Key Areas
The European Union's legislative powers have evolved significantly over time, with the Lisbon Treaty in 2009 marking a significant shift. Before this, the Subsidiarity Principle ensured that member states retained legislative power in most areas. However, the treaty introduced shared competence in several domains, allowing both the EU and member states to legislate.
Previously, the EU held exclusive competence in areas such as customs union, competition policy, monetary policy, common trade policy, and marine biological resources. The Lisbon Treaty expanded this, granting shared competence to the EU in health policy, industry, culture, tourism, education, youth and sport, civil protection, and administrative cooperation. This means the EU can now legislate and adopt legally binding acts in these areas alongside member states.
The EU also coordinates economic and employment policies, supporting member states in setting and adhering to policy goals. The degree of Europeanization varies greatly among different policy areas, reflecting the complex interplay between European and national levels in the European political system.
The Lisbon Treaty granted the EU a catalog of competencies, including shared and supplementary competence in various policy areas. This has allowed the EU to legislate in more domains, working alongside member states to shape policy. The extent of European influence continues to vary, reflecting the dynamic nature of the European political system.
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