Intensified Strategies Discussed at Bonn Conference for Enhancing Climate Policy
In a significant stride towards combating climate change, the Bonn 2025 climate talks have concluded with promising advancements and preparations for the upcoming COP30 conference in Belém, Brazil, scheduled for November 2025.
More than 20 organisations have expressed their willingness to support international cooperation via Non-Market Mechanisms (NMAs) under Article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement. The discussions focused on refining draft texts and institutional arrangements, with outcomes consolidated into draft conclusions for COP consideration.
One of the key areas of focus was the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA). Delegates were offered the opportunity to further reflect on the definition of indicators to measure progress towards the GGA under the Paris Agreement. Experts are invited to continue refining the list of indicators and submit a final technical report to the UNFCCC Secretariat by August 2025. The aim is to narrow down indicators towards the goal of approximately 100 indicators under the GGA.
The Bonn meeting also made significant strides in advancing inclusive discussions on just transition. The integration of trade-related issues into the just transition agenda was a key development, with a compromise led by the G77 and China. The meeting addressed the impacts of low-carbon development on different economies and sectors, balancing perspectives from major hydrocarbon exporters and developed countries.
The Baku-Belém Roadmap, which aims to mobilise $1.3 trillion per year in climate finance for developing countries by 2035, aligns with the preparations for COP30. Brazil, the host of COP30, announced its three priorities: protecting tropical forests, promoting agroecology, and increasing private finance for climate action.
Kazakhstan, another country preparing for COP30, is encouraged to launch an inclusive national dialogue on its draft NDC-3, engaging business associations and civil society. Kazakhstan should also appoint a national focal point for negotiations on non-market approaches (NMA) under Article 6.8.
The Bonn talks also highlighted the urgent need for funding to address loss and damage, while Arab states pushed for more investment in carbon capture and storage (CCS). Establishing a climate education hub for senior officials, modeled on the UAE's leadership academy, was proposed as a valuable step forward.
However, the proposal to allow countries to implement NMAs individually sparked debate as it contradicts the principle of international cooperation embedded in Article 6. The "contribution approach," which shifts focus from states to corporations pursuing carbon neutrality, is gaining attention. Strengthening integration with other Central Asian countries will be vital for improving access to climate finance.
In conclusion, the Bonn 2025 session was pivotal in refining technical guidance for the GGA, advancing inclusive discussions on just transition, and preparing for COP30 debates that will further shape the Baku-Belém Roadmap and non-market approaches under Article 6.8. Countries demonstrated slow but steady progress in preparing decisions under the Paris Agreement, setting the stage for a productive COP30.
- The discussions during the Bonn 2025 climate talks extended to environmental science, particularly the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA), wherein experts were encouraged to refine a list of indicators to measure progress towards the GGA under the Paris Agreement.
- In the realm of policy and legislation, the proposal to allow countries to implement Non-Market Mechanisms (NMAs) individually sparked debate, as it contradicts the principle of international cooperation embedded in Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.
- The general news echoes the importance of continued cooperation and collaboration in the field of science, especially regarding climate change, as nations prepare for the COP30 conference, with important decisions under the Paris Agreement on the horizon.
