India’s bold climate leadership reshapes global action and renewable energy goals
India has taken a strong stance in global climate action, moving from a follower to a leader in recent years. The country’s efforts include ambitious renewable energy targets, key international initiatives, and a long-term plan to balance economic growth with environmental protection. At the heart of these actions lies a commitment to both ancient traditions and modern climate policies.
India’s role in climate negotiations became more prominent under Prime Minister Narendra Modi. In 2015, the country played a crucial part in shaping the Paris Agreement, pushing for fairness and shared responsibility. Five years later, at COP26 in Glasgow, Modi introduced the Panchamrit climate plan—a five-point strategy to cut emissions and reach net-zero by 2070.
The nation also launched the Infrastructure for Resilient Island States (IRIS) initiative during COP26. This programme aims to help climate-vulnerable island nations adapt to rising temperatures and extreme weather. With global temperatures already 1.1 degrees Celsius higher than pre-industrial levels, such support has become increasingly urgent.
India’s climate approach blends tradition with innovation. Ancient texts emphasise harmony with nature, while modern policies focus on clean energy. Today, the country ranks fourth worldwide in renewable energy capacity. Its vision for 2047—a developed nation—rests on balancing ecology and economy, a principle Modi describes as prakriti (nature) and pragati (progress).
Equity and climate finance remain central to India’s stance. The government consistently argues that developed nations must take greater responsibility for emissions and provide financial support to developing countries. This position reflects India’s broader push for fair, inclusive climate action.
India’s climate strategy combines global leadership with domestic ambition. The Panchamrit plan, renewable energy growth, and initiatives like IRIS demonstrate its commitment to both environmental and economic goals. As the country works toward net-zero by 2070, its policies will continue shaping international climate discussions.
