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Earthquake's Aftermath: UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Danger
The historic Gaziantep Castle, a popular tourist attraction in southeastern Turkey, suffered severe damage during the recent earthquake, resulting in debris scattered on the surrounding streets. The aftermath of the earthquake called for scrutiny and potential disruptions in travel plans for various UNESCO World Heritage sites, including Diyarbakır-Fortress and Hevsel Gardens in Turkey.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) revealed concerns about the condition of the ancient city of Aleppo in Syria. The UNESCO press release reported sizable damages to the castle's fortress, including the collapse of the West tower of the old city wall and the destabilization of several buildings in the souk.
The Syrian General Directorate for Antiquities and Museums (DGAM) announced further destruction of the site's key features, including parts of the Ayyubid Lighthouse's dome and the damage sustained to the entrance of the castle.
Aleppo, a legendary ancient city, has been through numerous challenges due to the ongoing conflict and managed to reopen in 2018 after restoration efforts. However, the recent earthquake caused damage to the exhibits in Aleppo's National Museum.
Similar devastation was reported in Turkey's Diyarbakır-Fortress and Hevsel Gardens, where multiple buildings collapsed due to the earthquake's impact.
UNESCO, in collaboration with its partners, conducted a preliminary examination of the damage sustained by the cultural sites and is working on an inventory to quickly secure and stabilize the affected areas.
Aside from the UNESCO World Heritage sites, there were reports of other historically important sites receiving damage, such as Gaziantep's historic fortress, which has been named a national monument and is a major tourist attraction.
Studies by Turkey's Museum of Archaeology suggested the medieval-era castle was initially constructed as a watchtower during the Roman period and later developed further over time.
In an official statement, the DGAM reported structural defects and even complete collapses to several fortifications surrounding the Gaziantep Castle, as well as debris at the base of the stone wall near the castle.
The Koshi Basin in Turkey is home to the Humayun Mosque and Bin Fatima citadel, which both suffered damage as a result of the earthquake.
In the west-central region of Syria, Imam-Ismail Mosque and Shmemis Citadel suffered defects such as structural cracks and partial wall collapses. Additionally, Al Makqab Castle, located near Baniyas in Syria's northwest, was also affected by the earthquake.
Experts continue to analyze the full extent of the damage to these historical sites and surrounding structures in the affected regions.
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Remarkably, the 2023 earthquake brought devastation to several historical sites, including the Haleb-Aleppo Museum in Syria, which housed important artifacts and was battered by the catastrophe.
The question of restoring the sites to their former glory is a significant one, given their immense historical and cultural significance.
Gaziantep Castle, Turkey
- The earthquake caused severe damage to Gaziantep Castle, a historical monument sought after by tourists for its rich cultural heritage. Although details regarding the restoration process are not yet available, efforts continue to preserve its historical significance.
Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens, Turkey
- Based on investigations, Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens were also significantly impacted by the earthquake. The restoration timeline for the sites is under consideration to revive and preserve their history for the future generation.
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