Circassian New Year Revives Ancient Traditions Amid Modern Debates
The Circassian New Year, known as Ilhesyshhe Zeblechyghu, is celebrated each spring between 21 and 23 March. This three-day event marks the arrival of the equinox and blends ancient traditions with modern interpretations. While some embrace it as a cultural revival, others question its authenticity and purpose.
The holiday traces its roots to older family-focused customs. It once signalled the end of winter and the start of the working year. Traditionally, Circassians avoided hunting during this time and left eggs untouched on New Year's Eve. Seven candles were lit in a sapling with seven branches, and doors stayed unlocked to welcome guests.
After fading for decades, the celebration was officially revived in Adygea in 2004. Early events took place in the Philharmonic Hall, but by the 2010s, they shifted to the *Unity and Harmony* monument near the central mosque. This change reflected a growing connection between the holiday and Islamic practices, sparking debate. Not all regions adopted the revival equally. In Nalchik, the holiday was never formally reintroduced but persisted in simpler forms. Families there sacrificed a black-feathered chicken and prepared *djedlibzhe*, a stew of chicken in sour cream. Meanwhile, state-backed events in Adygea drew criticism for merging pagan and Islamic elements, leaving some Circassians uneasy. Opinions on the holiday remain divided. Supporters see it as a way to honour history and preserve traditions. Critics argue it feels like an artificial attempt to create new customs. Others believe it risks distorting Circassian heritage by blending it with unrelated influences.
The Circassian New Year continues to evolve, balancing old rituals with modern interpretations. Some communities embrace it as a cultural anchor, while others reject it as misplaced nostalgia. The debate highlights broader questions about how traditions are preserved—or reinvented—in today's world.
