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Armenian and Azerbaijani authorities unveil a proposed peace treaty

In the nation's capital of the United States, a peace commitment was sealed between Armenia's Prime Minister Pashinyan and Azerbaijan's President Aliyev on a Friday.

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Nations, Armenia and Azerbaijan, unveil truce blueprint
Nations, Armenia and Azerbaijan, unveil truce blueprint

Armenian and Azerbaijani authorities unveil a proposed peace treaty

The South Caucasus region witnessed a significant milestone as Azerbaijan and Armenia signed a comprehensive peace agreement on [Date] at the White House in Washington. The agreement, titled Agreement on the Establishment of Peace and Inter-State Relations, aims to bring an end to the long-standing conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh and establish a framework for peaceful coexistence.

Here are the key points of the agreement:

  1. Mutual recognition of territorial integrity: Both parties agree to respect the sovereignty, territorial integrity, and political independence of each other, based on the Soviet-era borders, which have been recognized internationally.
  2. Renunciation of all territorial claims: Neither side shall undertake or support any actions aimed at undermining the other’s territorial integrity or political unity.
  3. Commitment to non-use of force: The contracting parties commit to not using force against the territorial integrity or political independence of the other Party, consistent with the UN Charter.
  4. Establishment of diplomatic relations: Both countries will establish diplomatic relations and withdraw all pending legal disputes, international claims, and cases between them within one month of ratification.
  5. Prevention of third-party military presence: To ensure security and stability, no third-party military forces will be deployed along the Armenia-Azerbaijan border.
  6. Border delimitation and demarcation: Efforts to delimit and demarcate the border between the two countries will continue as part of normalizing relations.
  7. Framework for unimpeded regional connectivity: The agreement includes a plan for the creation of a transit corridor between mainland Azerbaijan and its Nakhchivan exclave passing through Armenian territory.
  8. Cooperation on humanitarian issues: The contracting parties commit to addressing the fate of missing persons from the decades-long conflict, with a bilateral commission overseeing compliance and related measures.
  9. Supremacy of the agreement over national laws: Any internal laws conflicting with the agreement must be overridden, with the English version of the text taking precedence in disputes over interpretation.
  10. Constitutional amendments in Armenia: Armenia is required to amend its constitution, removing any references implying claims over Nagorno-Karabakh.

The agreement places Armenia in a position of accepting Azerbaijan’s sovereignty and border demands, including controlling movements in the internationally recognized territory and borders established after the USSR's dissolution.

This peace agreement represents the first direct peace initiative led by Yerevan and Baku without Russian mediation. The agreement is based on international norms and principles, including the Charter of the United Nations, the Declaration on Principles of International Law, the Helsinki Final Act, and the Almaty Declaration.

The agreement prohibits the use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of the other Party. The contracting parties recognize the importance of investigating the fate of missing persons, including the search and return of human remains, as appropriate, and ensuring that justice is served through proper investigations as a means of reconciliation and confidence-building.

The agreement does not impair the rights and obligations of the contracting parties under international law and the treaties they have concluded with other UN member states. The contracting parties may conclude agreements in various fields, including economics, transit and transport, environment, humanitarian aid, and culture, in the respective areas of mutual interest.

The agreement establishes diplomatic relations between Azerbaijan and Armenia within a certain number of days after the exchange of the instruments of ratification, in accordance with the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic and Consular Relations.

The conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia over the Nagorno-Karabakh region has resulted in the displacement of over 100,000 people. The agreement requires the Parties to refrain from actions that would undermine the territorial integrity or political unity of the other Party. The contracting parties condemn and combat intolerance, racial hatred, discrimination, separatism, violent extremism, and terrorism within their respective territories.

The contracting parties will conduct negotiations to conclude the Agreement on the delimitation and demarcation of the state border between them. The agreement takes effect after internal ratification processes in both countries.

This historic peace agreement is a significant step towards resolving a long-standing conflict and promoting peace, stability, and cooperation in the South Caucasus region.

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