Alaskan Evacuations Ordered Due to Burst Ice Dam and Imminent Record Flooding
Mendenhall Glacier Flood in Alaska Causes Record Flooding in Juneau
The Mendenhall Glacier in Alaska is currently overflowing, causing flooding in Juneau, the state capital. This year's flood is expected to break previous records, with experts predicting the river could reach between 16.3 and 16.8 feet (4.96 to 5.12 meters) [1][2].
History and Causes
Outburst floods, also known as glacial lake outburst floods, have been causing problems since 2011. These floods occur when water trapped behind a glacier's ice dam is released, causing a sudden surge of water downstream [1]. In the case of the Mendenhall Glacier, the basin that is causing the flooding was created by a glacier that receded years ago [1].
Impact on Juneau
Last August, the river reached 16 feet (5 meters), and this year, it is expected to surpass that record. The floodwaters have already destroyed several structures along the river and forced evacuations of homes on Juneau’s outskirts near Mendenhall Lake and River [2]. Authorities have issued urgent evacuation warnings, emphasizing immediate action to avoid damage and loss of life [1][2].
The 2024 flood caused damage to over 300 homes, highlighting the ongoing risk. The flooding is likely to affect the Mendenhall River and surrounding neighborhoods in the Mendenhall Valley [1].
Ongoing Risk
The glacier currently acts as an ice dam, creating a flood risk that could persist for another 25 to 60 years [1]. The USGS and local agencies continue to monitor the situation in real-time to forecast floods and issue warnings to residents [3].
Preparedness
Sabrina Grubitz, public safety manager for the Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska, stated that they are prepared for the situation [1]. Alaska Governor Mike Dunleavy issued a state disaster declaration on Monday [1].
Over two miles of flood control barriers have been installed along the Mendenhall River to help manage the floodwaters [1]. The U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) outdated flood maps have been pulled back into the spotlight due to the current flood situation [1]. The implications of FEMA's outdated flood maps for how communities prepare for natural disasters have been highlighted.
Conclusion
In summary, the 2023 Mendenhall Glacier flood is part of a recurring pattern of glacier lake outburst floods caused by melting and precipitation trapped behind the glacier ice dam, leading to record flooding and significant impact on Juneau’s flood-prone areas [1][2][3]. Officials have asked residents in certain parts of the city and borough to evacuate, and the expected water release took place yesterday morning.
[1] Alaska Dispatch News
[2] CNN
[3] USGS
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