18 dog trackers, each with remarkable olfactory abilities
Scent hounds, renowned for their exceptional smelling capabilities, traditionally have been bred for hunting game by following ground scents. These dogs, distinguished by their long ears and loose skin, are ideal for tracking scents over rough terrains, even days old.
Some breeds can detect scents up to 12.5 miles away, making them exceptional tracking dogs. While they aren't known for their speed, they possess the endurance needed to sustain the pursuit of a scent trail. These dogs also are recognized by their distinctive deep bark, which signals when they are following a scent.
Ideally, scent hounds are suited for active individuals living in spacious environments, as they require plenty of exercise and mental stimulation. Given their keen sense of smell and love of tracking, they may not thrive in small apartments.
When comparing scent hounds to sight hounds, the primary distinction lies in their sensory adaptations. Sight hounds rely on their keen eyesight to hunt, while scent hounds utilize their superior noses.
Here is a rundown of several popular scent hound breeds and their key characteristics:
American English Coonhound - First brought to America in the early 1800s, these dogs originate from English Foxhounds. Known for their quick pace and endurance, they are particularly adept at tracking raccoons. At home, they are more relaxed (assuming proper exercise is provided).
American Foxhound - Developed with the help of George Washington, American Foxhounds were bred to chase but not kill foxes. They stand out for their sharpshooter-like nose, being one of the few hounds able to track solo while the owner remains stationary.
Basenji - This African breed does not bark but instead produces a yodel-like sound. With a strong instinct to pursue game, Basenjis must be provided with a well-contained garden and ample time for physical and mental stimulation.
Basset Hound - These short, stocky dogs possess an impressive ability to track even the faintest scents. While they are not particularly fast, they have boundless stamina.
Beagle - These dogs boast an incredibly sensitive nose and intelligence. Hailing from ancient Europe, they were bred to hunt rabbits and hares without causing harm to these animals. A delightful and curious companion, Beagles are cherished for their joyful demeanor at home.
Black and Tan Coonhound - Bred in America through crossbreeding with English breeds like Bloodhounds and English Foxhounds, these canines are highly energetic trackers able to hunt raccoons across night and challenging terrains.
Bloodhound - Often referred to as the quintessential tracking dog, Bloodhounds have been used for centuries in law enforcement due to their unparalleled sense of smell. Originally bred for hunting deer, boars, and rabbits, these dogs possess an impressive ability to follow scents in a wide array of conditions.
Bluetick Coonhound - Known for their distinctive blue-black coat, these dogs were bred for their raccoon hunting abilities. Moreover, they are amiable and loyal, making them loving family pets.
Dachshund - This small German breed is surprisingly agile, capable of hunting above and below ground, a trait that sets it apart as the only scent hound with this unique ability.
English Foxhound - Originally created in England during the 16th century, these dogs were bred for hunting foxes by scent. Up to this day, they have retained their exceptional pack hunting abilities and diligence for tracking scents while out on walks.
Grand Basset Griffon Vendéen - Hailing from France, these rabbit hunters boast plenty of energy and thrive in the company of other dogs, necessitating regular exercise.
Harrier - Smaller than an English Foxhound but larger than a Beagle, the Harrier was used in the 13th century for pack hunting. With loads of energy, a playful nature, and devotion to their people, these dogs make for delightful companions.
Norwegian Elkhound - One of Europe's oldest breeds, Norwegian Elkhounds can be traced back to Norse art and are said to have sailed with the Vikings. Originally bred for scenting giant elk and moose, today they are the national dog of Norway.
Otterhound - This ancient scenthound was bred in Medieval England for otter hunting, a pursuit that is now illegal. Today they are considered a vulnerable breed, with just around 600 individuals worldwide. Despite this, their history is evident in their waterproof shaggy coat, webbed feet, and love of swimming.
Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen - This smaller, less leggy version of the Basset Griffon Vendeán derives from the west coast of France.
Plott Hound - Named after Johannes Plott, a German immigrant who developed the breed in North Carolina in the late 18th century, the Plott Hound boasts a glossy dark coat, long tail, and curious expression. Calm and loving at home, this breed exhibits determination, ruggedness, and fearlessness.
Redbone Coonhound - Originally bred to supply raccoon meat, Redbone Coonhounds are superb at hunting small game hiding in trees. Advised to engage in vigorous activities like swimming followed by rest, these dogs are known for their sleek mahogany coat and charming brown eyes.
Treeing Walker Coonhound - Named after Thomas Walker, who played a significant role in developing this breed in the mid-1700s, this confident, affectionate, and highly trainable breed is a runner with exceptional speed and endurance. When tracking its prey, it will guard the location and bark to alert its owner.
A pet cat or dog may not be an ideal match for a sports enthusiast, as many popular breeds such as the American English Coonhound, American Foxhound, or Bloodhound, require sufficient exercise and mental stimulation, making them unsuitable for smaller apartments. On the other hand, a Dachshund, a small German breed, is an exception among scent hounds, as it can hunt both above and below ground, making it adaptable for various living situations.
